Detecting the effect of the organic and mineral fertilizers on the onion growth and the microbes of soil revival

Abstract

Investigating the influences of organic and mineral fertilizers on onion plant development and microorganisms, aiming to compensate for the negative environmental and living effects of chemical fertilizers. The study examined onion plant responses to organic and mineral fertilizers using four isolated microbes from soil, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli, investigating their physicochemical characteristics and bacterial vaccines using culture media and conditions, conducted during the 2023-2024 season. The plants' leaves' height and length were unaffected by the fertilizers used. However, the use of poultry manure led to a significant increase in plant leaf numbers, with the lowest number being 21.10 leaves for chemical fertilizer treatment. Fresh and dry weights also increased significantly, reaching 95.15 g and 4.20 g, respectively. Sheep manure treatment did not significantly affect the number of bulbs. The population density of the four isolates was higher in areas with higher organic and mineral matter content and vegetation cover. The plant height was superior in the treatment of adding organic and mineral matter, reaching 72.10 cm. The interaction between microbial treatments and organic and mineral matter had a significant effect on plant height. The treatment mixing the four isolates with fertilizers also outperformed the average plant height, reaching 70.65 cm. Research in agriculture highlights the importance of mineral and organic fertilizers in enhancing plant growth, soil properties, and essential element absorption, thereby enhancing photosynthesis and auxin production, and improving soil and plant fruit quality.