What is the impact of respiratory therapy interventions on the quality of life in patients with comorbid heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure frequently coexist, significantly impairing patients' quality of life (QoL). Respiratory therapy interventions, including pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and complementary therapies, may alleviate symptoms and improve outcomes in this population. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases. Seven studies meeting the inclusion criteria (peer-reviewed, QoL outcomes, comorbid COPD-heart failure) were analyzed. Interventions included PR, exercise-based therapies, Tai Chi, Yoga, and acupuncture. Quality assessment was performed using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias Tool and NHLBI criteria. PR consistently improved QoL by enhancing physical function, reducing dyspnea, and alleviating anxiety/depression. Complementary therapies showed potential benefits in relaxation and self-efficacy but lacked robust evidence. Limitations included small sample sizes and heterogeneous protocols. Respiratory therapies, particularly PR, effectively improve QoL in patients with COPD and heart failure. Standardized interventions and further research on complementary approaches are needed to optimize care.