Iron bed accelerator for discharging cylindrical NCA battery in salt solution

Abstract

This study examines the iron bed accelerator for discharging cylindrical NCA batteries in salt solution. The use of Li-ion batteries has increased due to the rise of e-mobility in computers, cell phones, and electric vehicles. Recycling Li-ion batteries for raw material in lithium-ion battery production is increasingly important as the revolution unfolds. When disposing of, transporting, and recycling the battery, it is important to crush it to separate the black mass, plastic, and metal components. However, there is a potential explosion risk due to the remaining voltage in the battery. In recycling, the discharge step is significant. The research aimed to test a new method for discharging cylinder batteries using saltwater and an iron bed. Higher NaCl content increases pH and lowers electrochemical potential for water electrolysis. This unique combination enables the battery to discharge at a high rate. In 6 hours, the battery discharged in a 20 wt.% salt solution with 99.6% efficiency. The battery discharge efficiency decreased when exposed to 25 wt% and 30 wt% salt solutions, attributed to reduced water electrolysis intensity. According to the results of various experiments, it has been observed that as the temperature of the salt solution rises, there is a slight increase in the rate of battery discharge; however, no significant difference has been observed. This article talks about how batteries are discharged. It shows the electrochemical reaction using the Eh-pH diagram for Fe-Na-Cl. It also has a schematic diagram that shows the process and a chemical analysis of the precipitate that forms during the discharge test.