The possibilities of using biochar for the reclamation of anthropogenic-disturbed soils Using the example of Russky island

Abstract

As a result of the construction, the soil is degraded, losing horizons and fertility. Recultivation of urban soils is important for the formation of agroecosystems. Biochar can be used to improve the quality of urban soil. This study examines the effect of biochar on the restoration of anthropogenic soils. The study was conducted on the soils of Russian Island (Russia), where horizon A and partly B were removed because of the construction of the Far Eastern Federal University campus. Biochar from birch was introduced into the soil in 2023 in doses of 0 kg/m², 1 kg/m² and 3 kg/m² in three repetitions. The study was conducted for three years. During the three years of the field experiment, the formation of a humus horizon up to 1.5 cm thick, an increase in the content of organic carbon and the formation of a humate-fulvate type of humus were recorded. In 2023, CO₂ fluxes in areas with biochar decreased compared to control, and in 2024, carbon dioxide fluxes in areas with biochar were higher compared to the control. Measurement of CO₂ fluxes at sites confirms the formation of a root-habitable layer, which increases the contribution of roots to soil respiration.