International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies

The development of a model for the threat detection system with the use of machine learning and neural network methods

2024-03-28T04:13:09-05:00

This study examines the development of a model for the threat detection system with the use of machine learning and neural network methods. The fast development of Internet technologies has led to the appearance of many digital systems and platforms. However, despite the impressive technological progress, another side also emerged in the spread of a massive number of different cyber threats. Although various ways have been created to detect and prevent them, the threats are also developing and becoming more complex each year. Therefore, new system defense and data protection methods using machine and deep learning approaches have been proposed recently. The methods based on these approaches have proved to be especially effective in the wave of new Artificial Intelligence applications. In this paper, a threat detection system has been designed to disclose different kinds of threats while maintaining the security, confidentiality, and availability of the computer system. The development of machine learning models for detecting DDoS and man-in-the-middle attacks, Structured Query Language (SQL) injections, phishing, and malware was examined. The data scaling, feature selection, feature extraction, and classification steps were also thoroughly described. Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, XGBoost, CatBoost, and Deep Neural Network algorithms were utilized for training the cyber threat detection models. The experimental results evaluated all the models using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The best models achieved scores in the range of 0.90 to 1.00.

Analysis of users’ perceptions of data privacy on social media networks in Nigeria

2024-03-29T00:16:32-05:00

This present study aims to classify users' perceptions of data privacy on social media and provide feedback to users on making informed choices. The emergence of social media networks (SMNs) has revolutionized the way people interact and share information online. SMNs have enabled users to connect with friends, family, and colleagues, making communication more efficient and faster. Several studies have highlighted the data privacy challenges without providing a framework for the development of a system for classifying users’ perceptions of these data privacy challenges on SMNs. Furthermore, there is limited evidence-based research that examines the level of awareness about these hidden data privacy issues based on perceived threats by users. However, the widespread adoption of social media technologies has also raised concerns about privacy and security. The study explores and adopts a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. The survey collects data using Likert scale questions to measure participants' privacy concerns and awareness of data privacy settings. A total of 468 responses were obtained, representing diverse demographics. The findings indicate that the majority of respondents were males aged 18-25 years, with a high school education. Additionally, participants spent an average of 2-4 hours daily on social media. The study highlights the need for users to read privacy policies before registering information on websites. The results of this research contribute to a better understanding of users' perceptions of data privacy on SMNs, facilitating informed decision-making regarding social media usage.

Assessing the effects of negotiating leadership skills and conflict resolution on student achievement in Zhejiang Province, China: A structural equation modeling approach

2024-03-29T00:51:49-05:00

The main aim of this study was to examine the influence of Negotiating Leadership Skills and Conflict Resolution on student achievement in educational institutions located in Zhejiang Province, China. Teachers have a diverse function that surpasses the primary transmission of academic content. In addition to the information of knowledge, educators undertake the essential duty of assuming the role of educational leaders, actively influencing the learning environment. An online survey was employed to gather data from a sample of 200 teachers employed in academic institutions located in Zhejiang Province. To evaluate the impact of negotiating leadership skills and conflict resolution on student achievement, SPSS, and structural equation modeling were used via SMART PLS 4. The research findings revealed a significant correlation between negotiating leadership skills and conflict resolution in relation to student achievement. The research possesses theoretical relevance since it introduces novel links to the current body of knowledge. The study's practical implications are significant as they contribute to enhancing the impact of negotiating leadership skills and conflict resolution on student achievement. Undoubtedly, research has certain limitations acknowledged by scholars as potential avenues for further exploration to enhance the research framework and its contribution to the existing body of knowledge.

Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial innovation of university students, Amazonas, Peru

2024-04-01T01:56:06-05:00

This study aims to investigate the influence of entrepreneurship on innovation competencies in students. Using a descriptive, non-experimental research design with a quantitative relational approach, the research involved a participant pool of students from the Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, totaling 310 individuals. To stimulate entrepreneurship that contributes to economic growth, it is essential to nurture entrepreneurship competencies among university students. Data collection utilized a Likert scale questionnaire, and the analysis employed SPSS and PLS statistical software. Results revealed that 60.7% of students fell within the 21 to 25 age range, with 50% receiving an income between S/. 500 to S/. 1500 soles from their parents and 48.8% obtaining income from the Cuna Más program. The PLS findings reveal a substantial impact of entrepreneurship on university students' innovation competencies, with correlations of 0.756 for knowledge generation, 0.736 for knowledge assimilation, 0.699 for knowledge partnership, and 0.756 for reorganization of knowledge. This highlights the critical importance of emphasizing entrepreneurial skills in university education. The research addresses a global literature gap on the impact of entrepreneurial competencies in establishing innovative businesses, aiming to provide empirical evidence linking open innovation dynamics and entrepreneurship. Anticipated outcomes underscore how pedagogical approaches can enhance students' capacity to generate new value for organizations or society through fostering innovative thinking and behavior.

Factors influencing the participation of Vietnamese enterprises in global value chains: Insights from the manufacturing and processing sectors

2024-04-01T02:59:12-05:00

This research aims to investigate the factors that impact the participation of companies in Vietnam's Manufacturing and Processing sector in the Global Value Chain (GVC). We employ panel data analysis with a dataset of 387,994 observations from 107,125 enterprises in this industry spanning 2011-2020. Both Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Generalized Moment Method (GMM) are used to assess the factors affecting the industry's GVC engagement. The Arellano-Bond test checks for autoregressive processes of order one (AR(1)) or order two (AR(2)) in the model to see if the idiosyncratic error term exhibits serial correlation. The Sargan test checks for over-identifying restrictions in the statistical model. The results reveal that the ratio of large enterprises" exerts the most significant positive influence on the participation of Vietnamese enterprises in the GVCs, closely followed by "Institutional and policy environment." Conversely, HHI, TFP, and GDP growth rates show significant negative impacts. For Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), horizontal spillovers are positive and statistically significant. However, significant results also show a negative coefficient in the Backward GVC and a positive one in the Forward GVC. From these findings, we point out some important policy implications: (1) the government should strengthen favorable conditions for the participation of large enterprises and leading SMEs; (2) It is necessary to improve the institutional and policy environment and refine policies to attract FDI, especially with a focus on promoting forward linkages to facilitate greater engagement of the enterprises in the GVCs.

Work posture risk comparison of RULA and REBA based on measures of assessment-score variability: A case study of the metal coating industry in Thailand

2024-04-01T03:50:42-05:00

This study examines the work posture risk comparison of RULA and REBA based on measures of assessment-score variability. During the metal coating process, chemicals were frequently employed, necessitating a heightened level of caution among the employees. The Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ) revealed the manifestation of physical discomfort among employees. In this study, the rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) and the rapid entire body assessment (REBA) were used to identify ergonomic concerns related to the work of employees in the black oxide coating department of a metal coating firm. The sensitivity of risk assessment between the two methods was investigated, considering the mean and variability of the assessment scores. Consideration was given to the diverse and crucial work positions of employees at each station, focusing exclusively on the standing working posture. In the black oxide coating section, there were 12 steps that 20 workers had to complete. Under the same working postures, the overall average RULA score was determined to be at a high-risk level, whereas the overall average REBA score was at a moderate-risk level. As a result, the RULA method had a greater capacity for risk warning than the REBA method. Levene's test was also applied to determine whether the variances of the risk scores computed using the two techniques were equal. The results of the analysis showed that the variances in the scores using the two methods were not significantly different.

The impact of hybrid model science practicum based on IoT and VR on prospective science teacher students' creative thinking skills

2024-04-01T04:22:54-05:00

This study aims to determine the impact of the IoT and VR-based hybrid model science practicum on prospective science teacher students’ creative thinking skills. In addition, the study introduces how to implement IoT and VR-based hybrid models in science learning. The approach used in this research is quantitative, with an experimental method of one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consists of 43 prospective science teachers at Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta who were determined by purposive sampling technique. The instruments used include creative thinking tests and observation sheets to implement hybrid model science practicum learning. The quality of the instrument was analyzed with Content Validity Ratio, Fleiss Kappa, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Rasch Model. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, paired sample t-tests, and effect size. The result showed that descriptive statistic is a general distribution, paired sample t-test p<0,001, and an effect size of 4.15. The finding showed that there was a significant positive effect on creative thinking skills. The implementation of this science practicum provides a meaningful academic experience for students. The practical implications of this research are that the IoT and VR-based hybrid model science practicum could be used by a prospective science teacher on other topics. Besides that, prospective science teachers' students’ creative thinking skills could be increased.

Demand for TV content in a national language: The case of Kazakhstan

2024-04-02T02:05:22-05:00

This study examines preferences in selecting television content, using a national television channel as a case study. The Russian language put a lot of pressure on the Kazakh language during the communist regime. Post-Kazakhstan’s independence, linguistic dynamics shifted as authorities began responding to the demands of the Kazakh-speaking population. The aim is to test the hypothesis regarding the increasing demand for native language content, supported by the analysis of TV program ratings. For hypothesis testing, we employed empirical data obtained through an investigation into the preferences of the Kazakh-speaking audience. A total of 300 residents in Astana, aged 20-70, were interviewed. The survey results elucidate the correlation between public events and the television audience’s preferences. Historical, complex, and comparative analyses were employed, utilizing empirical data derived from a television audience preference study. The examination of television projects and their scripts revealed that language format substantially influences content informativeness and viewership ratings. Findings highlight a correlation between major events and television audience preferences. Programs in the Kazakh language elicit a positive response from the country’s television audience, particularly when discussing engaging topics. Based on research, recommendations are offered for enhancing editorial policies on television channels, with an emphasis on incorporating more Kazakh-language projects to better cater to the growing demand.

The gap between need and ability to use accounting information in public sector financial reports

2024-04-02T02:17:30-05:00

This study focuses on predicting the needs, purposes, and usability of accounting information in general-purpose financial reports (GPFRs) to improve accounting theory significantly. Accounting reform in the public sector aims to provide reliable and valuable information to users. The study surveyed 374 public organizations using a survey questionnaire between March and June 2023. Collected data were tested for reliability using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and regression analysis using SPSS 29 software. The research findings indicate that users of accounting information (AI) within an organization have a greater need for and a better understanding of the usefulness of AI compared to external users; users in the public sector tend to use AI more frequently for accountability purposes; and AI for decision-making plays a more significant role compared to AI for accountability in terms of enhancing organizational performance. The findings have important practical implications. Firstly, accountability should be prioritised when developing a GPFR framework for the public sector. Secondly, in order to increase the usability of the AI, it is important to improve the ability of external users to understand and use the information on GPFRs. Finally, the strength of the connection between internal and external information users determines the level of usability of accounting information.

E-satisfaction as a mediator between consumer loyalty and E-CRM: The context of Lebanese e-commerce

2024-04-03T00:58:28-05:00

This article’s purpose is to assess the influence of E-CRM on consumer loyalty through satisfaction. Electronic customer relationship management E-CRM is a marketing tool used to manage consumer loyalty. However, the adoption of outdated E-CRM strategies increases dissatisfaction and attrition rates. That is, to assess the effect of perceived quality online, online customization, and customer trust on loyalty from online shoppers’ perspectives. This quantitative explanatory study begins with an exploratory factor analysis to simplify the concept’s dimensions. A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of Lebanese customers as a measurement instrument. Data analysis used factor analysis, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using a structural model,and later regression. EFA is a fundamental prerequisite to CFA. Then, principal factor analysis (PCA) verified items for each construct dimension. The removal of items with low contributions improved the value of the KMO test, variance explained, and internal reliability measured with Cronbach’s alpha, which increased to 0.865. PCA extracted factors by restoring a minimum of 50% of the variance. The CFA relies on normed indices, sustaining the adjustment of the theoretical structure. Absolute fit criteria are highlighted: the RMSEA, GFI, and AGFI. Findings supported the idea that E-CRM strategies concentrating on online service quality, online presence, customization, and customer trust develop e-satisfaction and loyalty. Effective E-CRM satisfies customers and increases their e-satisfaction, leading to higher levels of loyalty. These outcomes increase awareness about the strategic value of E-CRM to businesses, and the paper serves as an eye-opener for future researchers and marketing experts.

Exploring the dynamics of fintech usage behavior moderated by customer characteristics in Indonesia

2024-04-04T02:23:19-05:00

This research examines the factors influencing the adoption of Fintech services in Indonesia, focusing on perceived risk, perceived benefit, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust, and Fintech usage intention. Data from 317 users of payment Fintech services in Indonesia was collected through a Google Form questionnaire and analyzed using Smart PLS 4.0. The study reveals that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and trust significantly impact Fintech usage intention and subsequent behavior, particularly among millennials and Gen Z. Customer attributes such as age and gender show minimal impact, while education level, especially advanced degrees, strengthens the link between perceived usefulness and intention to use. The results contribute to understanding the Fintech sector in Indonesia and suggest potential areas for future research. The study is limited to payment Fintech in Indonesia and recommends broadening the scope for future research. To enhance future research, it is recommended to broaden the study scope to include various fintech types, expand the geographical coverage for diverse results, and encompass a wider range of ages and education levels among respondents for a more comprehensive understanding of fintech adoption.

Development of professional-pedagogical competence in future English language teachers

2024-04-08T01:55:41-05:00

The study examines the professional pedagogical competence of future English language teachers. The concept of "professional pedagogical competence" is increasingly relevant in Kazakhstan's higher education reform. It reflects teachers' pivotal role and professional qualities in achieving high-quality education and upbringing. Our literature review defines the professional pedagogical competence of future English language teachers as an integrative set of qualities that indicate their personal and socio-moral experience. It also reflects their capacity to foster motivational, cognitive, and operational aspects within their professional domain. The outcomes of their pedagogical endeavors evidence this. Our model of professional pedagogical competence for future English language teachers is a pedagogical system that includes four blocks: target, conceptual, content-procedural, and criteria-evaluative. The criteria and indicators of professional-pedagogical competence are communicative, cognitive, operational-activity, and motivational-valuable. The communicative dimension emphasizes foreign languages as a means of personal and professional communication. The cognitive dimension emphasizes skills to solve non-standard lingua-pedagogical tasks. The operational-activity dimension reflects personality, professional development, and pedagogical activities. The motivational-valuable dimension emphasizes linguistic-cognitive motivation, professional self-awareness, the need for self-realization, and self-development. Our research findings contribute significantly to the discourse on teacher education in Kazakhstan. Our comprehensive model aligns with contemporary educational needs. It serves as a valuable guidepost for educational stakeholders and offers insights that can inform policy, curriculum development, and teacher training programs. Ultimately, it advances the overarching goal of enhancing the quality and impact of English language education in Kazakhstan.

Does job satisfaction mediate the relationship between corporate social responsibility and employee organizational citizenship behavior? Evidence from the hotel industry in Vietnam

2024-04-08T03:20:34-05:00

In the current corporate landscape, firms are confronted with a multitude of demands and pressures from diverse stakeholders with employees being the foremost and most crucial group. Developing a competitive advantage for the company requires attracting and maintaining employee engagement especially their participation in extra-role activities. The employment of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a strategy for attracting and keeping talented employees helps businesses gain a competitive edge. In this regard, this paper investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and employee organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) with job satisfaction as a mediating factor. We adopted stakeholder theory and social exchange theory to develop a research framework with five elements of CSR influencing OCB through job satisfaction. A self-administered survey was conducted to gather data from employees who work in the Vietnamese hotel industry. We received 375 valid responses after five months using convenient sampling methods. The structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was run in SmartPLS to test the proposed hypotheses. The results of our study showed that the only CSR that directly impacts OCB is CSR towards the environment; CSR towards customers, CSR towards the community and CSR towards the environment all indirectly impact OCB through the mediation of job satisfaction. Based on the findings, we recommended that hotels regularly share CSR initiatives with staff members in order to encourage them to participate in extracurricular activities at work.

A study on the impact of digital financial inclusion on inclusive growth in China: The mediating effect of innovation

2024-04-16T01:03:11-05:00

This study empirically explores the impact, regional variations and transmission mechanisms of digital financial inclusion on inclusive growth. A provincial panel dataset encompassing 31 Chinese provinces from 2011 to 2021 was collected from the wind database, the China statistical yearbook and the China regional financial operation report to analyze the relationship between digital financial inclusion and inclusive growth by using individual fixed effects and mediating effects. This study reveals that digital financial inclusion significantly influences the growth of China’s east, central, west regions and economic growth, income distribution and opportunity equality. Moreover, digital financial inclusion can enhance inclusive growth through the transmission mechanism of innovation. Developing digital financial inclusion, comprising coverage breadth, usage depth and digital level will promote the level of inclusive growth in China. Meanwhile, the increasing level of innovation, especially the number of invention patents can support digital financial inclusion by fostering inclusive growth. The study focuses on Chinese provinces and reliance on a specific timeframe (from 2011 to 2021) might limit the generalizability of the findings. The implications for broader economic contexts need further exploration. Accelerating progress towards inclusive growth can be achieved by fostering the development of digital financial inclusion and elevating the level of innovation. This study contributes by highlighting the positive relationship between digital financial inclusion, regional disparities and its impact on inclusive growth, emphasizing the role of innovation in this relationship and suggesting policy directions for achieving inclusive growth.

Analyzing stock returns in Indonesian state-owned firms: NPM, ROE and GCG factors

2024-04-16T01:27:27-05:00

This research aims to investigate the factors influencing the stock returns of state-owned enterprises (SOE) in Indonesia. The study focuses on net profit margin (NPM), return on equity (ROE) and good corporate governance (GCG) as potential determinants. The research population comprises 20 SOE companies registered at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2017 to 2022. The purposive sampling method is employed to select a sample of 6 companies that meet the specific criteria outlined in the research objectives. Panel data regression with common effects is used as the research technique. The results reveal that net profit margin (NPM) and return on equity (ROE) do not exert a significant impact on the stock returns of SOE companies listed on the IDX. However, good corporate governance (GCG) is identified as a strong negative factor influencing the stock returns of these companies. The findings suggest that investors and stakeholders should carefully consider the role of good corporate governance (GCG) when evaluating and making decisions related to state-owned enterprises (SOE) stocks in the Indonesian market. Implementing robust governance practices may be crucial for mitigating potential negative effects on stock returns. The practical implications of these findings emphasize the need for policymakers, regulators and company management to enhance GCG practices to enhance overall performance and sustain investor trust in SOE stocks.

Heterogeneity effect of technical measures: Evidence from the Vietnam seafood trade

2024-04-16T01:51:24-05:00

The free trade movement sweeping across the globe has destabilized the role of tariffs and emphasized the importance of technical measures as the main tool for regulating trade. The effect of technical measures on trade flow is both controversial and ambiguous despite their undeniable popularity in both theoretical and empirical literature. Empirical evidence shows both a positive and negative relationship between technical measures and trade volume which raises the question of “what determinants create and dictate the heterogeneity associating with the effect of technical measures on trade”. This paper aims at constructing a theoretical foundation that explains the mechanics by which technical measures affect trade flow and identifies the existence of the heterogeneity effect of SPS and TBT measures on Vietnam’s seafood exports by using a gravity model with a combination of PPML and moderator estimation. Accordingly, an additional SPS measure boosts the export of Vietnam’s seafood by 0.3% but an additional TBT measure decreases Vietnam’s seafood export by 1.9% on average. Furthermore, the results of this study also confirm the moderating role of firms’ efficiency and consumers’ preferences in determining the impact of technical barriers on trade. This paper also recommends some solutions for the Vietnamese government and enterprises to enhance their ability to comply with TBT and SPS measures to promote seafood export.

A mathematical stimulus program for an educational intervention with students at risk of social exclusion

2024-04-24T02:44:26-05:00

The research investigates a mathematical stimulus program for an educational intervention with students at risk of social exclusion. Reducing the school failure of students is one of the goals of current inclusive education. Particularly, mathematics is a discipline in which adolescents demonstrate a greater degree of failure worldwide. In this research, a mathematical stimulus program employing STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) activities for adolescents at risk of social exclusion due to family causes is analyzed. The aim is to assess the mediational and affective suitability of the program. The sample consisted of 68 students from three secondary schools. A mixed methodology was used, employing quantitative analysis techniques for the beliefs and satisfaction questionnaires applied. The Theory of Didactic Suitability was also employed, along with semi-structured interviews for qualitative analysis. The results indicate that pleasure and effort constitute a single factor among these students, and a positive correlation is obtained between how interesting an activity seems to the students and what they learned, and between their learning and the novelty of the content. The descriptive analysis shows that 96% of the students considered the activities to be interesting; with 85% stating that they had learned a lot. The recordings and interviews show that the students felt at ease carrying out the activities and that a significant change in their attitude towards mathematics took place. In conclusion, the presence of at least 87% of the indicators in all activities gives the program a high degree of mediational and affective suitability. Furthermore, the role of mediational suitability in this context stands out and has a direct influence on affective suitability.

Implementation of audio biostimulators and IOT in STEM learning to enhance the quantity of herbal medicinal plants in Indonesia

2024-04-25T02:18:08-05:00

This research aims to enhance the contribution of science learning in higher education using a Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) approach to assist Indonesia’s farmers' herbal medicinal plant communities. The technology implemented in this project-based learning at the Department of Natural Science Education, Yogyakarta State University is the Audio BioStimulator (ABS) and multi-sensors based on the Internet of Things (IoT). These sound waves function to open leaf stomata during photosynthesis optimizing nutrient absorption. On the other hand, IoT comprises a sensor system that measures physical variables encompassing soil composition, air quality, fertiliser concentration, pH levels, pressure and temperature. This system creates optimal conditions to foster the growth of herbal medicinal plants. The research method employed an embedded experimental design which is mixed-methods research. This method is expected to provide more comprehensive analysis results to improve critical and creative thinking skills by applying contextual STEM learning to intensify herbal medicine farming using ABS and IoT technology. These two technologies are strategic for enhancing students’ competency in science practicums in higher education which can also be studied intensively in the science, engineering and mathematics aspects. The STEM approach empowers students to translate acquired knowledge and skills into direct project activities to address the challenges facing farming communities. Its instructional impact lies in elevating critical and creative thinking skills while its consequential bearing manifests in assisting the community to increase the economic status of the herbal medicinal plant farming sector in Indonesia.

Impact of motivation and participative leadership style on employee performance: Mediating the role of job satisfaction

2024-04-25T02:50:33-05:00

African higher educational institutions are characterized by limited resources hindering progress. Employees in such institutions are inclined to maintain dedication to their roles, address challenges and pursue excellence in their tasks. Motivation and leadership style play a crucial role in overcoming these challenges. Therefore, this study focuses on the relationship between motivation, participative leadership style, job satisfaction and employee performance at public universities in Ghana. It explored the impact of motivation and participative leadership style on employee performance as well as how job satisfaction plays a moderating role in achieving a goal. This study determined how work satisfaction mediated motivation, participatory leadership style and employee performance in six Ghanaian public universities. A quantitative approach was adopted and a structured questionnaire was administered to 306 university employees who were selected by using both cluster and simple random sampling techniques. The acquired data were analyzed quantitatively by using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) in response to the given hypothesis. The findings revealed that motivation and a participatory leadership style had a considerable positive impact on staff performance. Furthermore, the study revealed that job satisfaction served as a mediator in the relationship between motivation, a participative leadership style and employee performance. Based on the findings, it is recommended that employers at public universities enhance employee motivation and engagement. This can be done by fostering a work environment characterized by supportive leadership, opportunities for growth and development and cultivating a culture that emphasizes appreciation and acknowledgment of performance.

Psychological empowerment and its relationship to organizational anomie and enhancing creative behavior among employees in the Saudi Ministry of sports

2024-04-25T04:30:43-05:00

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological empowerment, organizational deviation and creative behavior among employees of the Saudi Ministry of sports. The researchers employed a descriptive approach specifically using a survey study method to collect data. The study sample consisted of 1480 participants who were deliberately selected from different categories within the study population. Data was collected using the psychological empowerment scale and questionnaires. The findings revealed that the level of psychological empowerment among employees of the Saudi Ministry of sports was determined to be 60.60%. Additionally, the level of organizational deviation was found to be 52.40% while the level of creative behavior was measured at 51.20%. The study also identified a significant relationship between psychological empowerment, organizational deviation and creative behavior. The study proposes several recommendations based on its findings. Firstly, it suggests promoting a culture of psychological empowerment within sports institutions to enhance organizational effectiveness and encourage employee creative behavior. This can be achieved through initiatives that empower individuals, give them autonomy and involve them in decision-making processes. Secondly, the study recommends the implementation of development and training programs for employees in sports institutions and departments. These programs should focus on reducing organizational disintegration and fostering creative behavior. Organizations can create an environment that supports innovation and collaboration by providing employees with the necessary skills and knowledge. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of respecting and considering employee motivations and behaviors in organizational management.

The mediating role of employee loyalty and job engagement relationship between job satisfaction and intention to leave among bank employees in Mongolia

2024-04-25T05:20:13-05:00

Organizations need to focus on employee loyalty, commitment and retention in a dynamic business environment to gain a competitive advantage over rural areas. The success factors for organizational development and well-being are excessively contingent on engaged and skilled employees. This study is anticipated to examine the mediating role of employee loyalty and job engagement on the relationships between job satisfaction and intention to leave in the case of bank employees in Mongolia. The study used data from 444 employees across two private banks in Mongolia. Reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to analyze the data. Results showed a moderately positive relationship between job satisfaction and job engagement and a negative relationship with the intention to leave. Employee loyalty had a weak and negative correlation with job engagement. Employee loyalty was found to partially mediate the relationship between job satisfaction and the intention to leave while job engagement showed no mediation effect. Improving job satisfaction can enhance employee loyalty and reduce intentions to leave the bank. However, enhancing engagement may not affect turnover intentions. Banks should focus on building loyalty among satisfied employees to retain talent. The mediating role of loyalty highlights its importance in influencing whether satisfied employees consider leaving. This study demonstrates the importance of employee loyalty in partially explaining the mechanism behind the relationship between job satisfaction and retention among Mongolian bank employees. The findings provide insights to help banks improve talent management strategies and retention.